Dementia is a progressive cognitive decline that affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behavior. It is a chronic and degenerative syndrome that damages or destroys brain cells and impairs communication between them. Dementia usually affects persons over 65 years of age, but can also affect younger individuals. The most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy Body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Symptoms of dementia include memory loss, difficulty with language, disorientation, irritability, mood swings, and a decline in attention and concentration. There is no cure for dementia, but early detection, appropriate care and treatment can improve the quality of life for individuals and their caregivers.